![]() The discovery of coal in the Donets Basin sparked large-scale industrialization and an influx of laborers from other parts of the Russian Empire. The Russian Empire captured and began to colonize the largely uninhabited steppe territories in the former Crimean Khanate in the late 18th century. The Russian community in Ukraine is primarily located in Crimea. Other significantly represented nationalities include Romanians, Belorussians, Crimean Tatars, Bulgarians, Hungarians, Poles, Jews, and Armenians. The second largest nationality group are Russians, accounting for 17.2% of the population. Roughly 77.5% of Ukraine's population identify as ethnic Ukrainians. Much of western Ukraine was part of Habsburg Austria until 1918 while other regions were brought into Ukraine after World War II, and the area maintains strong ties with Europe. ![]() Southeast Ukraine has historically been populated by ethnic Russians and Russian-speaking Ukrainians, with close cultural and economic ties to Russia. As the country is home to more than a hundred different nationalities, this presents some complex and significant challenges.Įthnic divisions in Ukraine go back to the imperial period when regional borders were heavily disputed by Russia, Austro-Hungary, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After achieving its independence in 1991, Ukraine has been tasked with uniting its various regions and creating a distinct national identity.
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